Lake Melville is a fjord-type lake located in Labrador, Eastern Canada, as part of the Hamilton Inlet System. It is significantly characterised by its eastern connection to the Labrador Sea through a shallow sill at the entrance to the Rigolet Narrows. In contrast, the western part of the lake receives freshwater input from several major rivers. Previous studies assumed that Lake Melville was fully excavated by the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) during the last glacial....

The observation of oxidized arc melts has led to a discussion about the redox conditions during the dehydration reactions of serpentinites in subduction zones. The discussed range of oxygen fugacities (fO2) between+5 and -2 log units relatively to the QFM buffer allows sulfur to be present either as oxidized or reduced species. This work investigates the development of the fO2 with serpentines form the western part of the island Elba in Italy. We compared observations...

The Mariana forearc provides a unique natural laboratory to study slab dehydration in an active subduction zone by its deep-rooted mud volcanism. To test if mantle wedge serpentinites would record the source fluid composition and thus the dehydration reactions in the slab, we investigated silicon (Si) isotopic compositions (δ30Si) in serpentine veins by in-situ femtosecond laser ablation ICP mass spectrometry. Our samples were recovered during IODP Expedition 366 and originate from three mud volcanoes that...

Changes in the surface ocean pH and temperature caused by the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 are posing a threat to calcifying marine organisms. Recent studies have observed significant impacts on coral reef ecosystems with impaired carbonate skeletal growth and decreased calcification due to acidifying oceans. The current coverage of observations for the northwestern Cuban coastal waters provides an incomplete picture of natural climate variability over interannual to interdecadal timescales, showing the need for high resolution...

The fjord-type Lake Melville is located in Labrador, Eastern Canada, as part of the Hamilton Inlet System. It is mainly characterised by riverine freshwater influx into its western end and intrusion of saline water from the Labrador Sea through the shallow Rigolet Narrows. Previous studies assumed that the retreating Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) caused the deposition of a typical glacial sediment sequence when its margin reached Lake Melville between 10,000 to 8,000 years ago (King,...

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 emissions induced global seawater pH decrease by 0.1 since the Industrial Revolution by altering ocean chemistry with the reduction of carbonate ion concentrations and the saturation states of aragonite. Massive tropical corals are ideal palaeoceanographic archives providing high-resolution records of the most recent few hundred years and offer a valuable extension to instrumental measurements. The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ), the largest persistent precipitation band in the Southern Hemisphere with...

The current review aims to summarize published research on nutrition transition patterns (depicting changes in dietary consumption) in European populations over the last three decades (1990-2020), with a focus on East-West regional comparisons. Pubmed and Google-Scholar databases were searched for articles providing information on repeated dietary intakes in populations living in countries across Europe, published between January 1990 and July 2021. From the identified 18,031 articles, 62 were found eligible for review (17 from Eastern...

Supplementary Figures and Tables

Additional file 1: Table S1. Proteins and accession numbers. Table S2. Bacterial strains. Table S3. M9-mineral media d-glucose composition. Table S4. M9-mineral media additives. Table S5. Primer list. Figure S1. Sugar composition of the cultivation media. Figure S2. SDS-PAGE of F. agariphila KMM3901T enzymes expressed recombinantly in E. coli. Figure S3. Consumption of 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-d-glucuronate from B. licheniformis DSM13 during cultivation. Figure S4. Growth of B. licheniformis DSM13 on different ulvan hydrolysates. Figure S5. B. licheniformis...

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Receiver operating curve to calculate the threshold of main pancreatic duct (MPD) in identifying malignancy in branch-duct (BD)-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). The threshold was 2.9 mm for lesions at head-neck (A) and was 3.1 mm for lesions at body-tail (B).

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Receiver operating curve to calculate the threshold of main pancreatic duct (MPD) in identifying malignancy in branch-duct (BD)-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). The threshold was 2.9 mm for lesions at head-neck (A) and was 3.1 mm for lesions at body-tail (B).

Additional file 3: Figure S2. Experimental data showing friction coefficient as a function of shear displacement for all experiments. Friction coefficient is either expressed in absolute values or normalized by peak friction. VS = velocity step experiment.

The nifH gene primers previously used to amplify diazotroph in coral holobionts, and the results of PCR amplification in the soft coral X. umbellata and the gorgonian P. flava. ;Diagram showing binding positions of selected primers to amplify the nifH gene. The positions for nifH primers are correlated with the nifH sequence from a diazotrophic strain Azotobacter vinelandii DJ (GenBank: CP001157.1).

Reef-building corals are endangered animals with a complex colonial organization. Physiological mecha?nisms connecting multiple polyps and integrating them into a coral colony are still enigmatic. Using live im?aging, particle tracking, and mathematical modeling, we reveal how corals connect individual polyps and form integrated polyp groups via species-specific, complex, and stable networks of currents at their surface. These currents involve surface mucus of different concentrations, which regulate joint feeding of the colony. Inside the coral, within...

The present work aims to prove the concept of tumor-targeted drug delivery mediated by platelets. Doxorubicin (DOX) attached to nanodiamonds (ND-DOX) was investigated as the model payload drug of platelets. In vitro experiments first showed that ND-DOX could be loaded in mouse platelets in a dose-dependent manner with a markedly higher efficiency and capacity than free DOX. ND-DOX-loaded platelets (Plt@ND-DOX) maintained viability and ND-DOX could be stably held in the platelets for at least 4...

While there is broad evidence to suggest that individual stress increases, and that high couple relationship quality reduces the risk for psychological distress, our understanding of these associations in couples dealing with infertility remains limited. In this cross-sectional study, we used dyadic data-analysis (Actor-Partner Interdependence Model; APIM) to examine the effects of infertility-related distress (experienced as an individual risk factor) and couple relationship quality (experienced as a couple-based resource), on psychological distress in a sample...

Automated machining with 3-axis robots requires the generation of tool paths in form of positions of the tool tip. For 5-axis robots, the orientations of the tool at each position needs to be provided, as well. Such a tool path can be described in form of two curves, one for the positional information (as for 3-axis machining) and one for the orientational information, where the orientation is given by the vector that points from a...

Umfragen zeigen, dass die Menschen in Deutschland noch relativ wenig über Algorithmen und künstliche Intelligenz sowie deren Einsatzgebiete wissen. Gerade bei abstrakten Themen, bei denen der Bezug zu unserem Alltag nicht direkt ersicht­lich ist, erlangen wir unser Wissen aus den Medien. Der mediale Diskurs beeinflusst damit, wie Men­schen Algorithmen und künstliche Intelligenz wahrnehmen und welche Einstellungen sie zu diesem Thema entwickeln. Welche Perspektiven im Dis­kurs vertreten sind, welche Akteure eine Stimme bekommen und welche Einsatzgebiete...

Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, Bremen, Germany(1);University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, Bremen, Germany(2);Bioplan GmbH, Strandstraße 32a, 18211 Ostseebad Nienhagen, Germany(3);Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Stilleweg 2, Hannover, Germany(4);The effects of changing climate and environmental conditions on coral reef islands have received a lot of attention, and the findings are discussed broadly. The low elevation of such islands above mean sea level and the largely unconsolidated sediment is exposing them to...

During the Quaternary, large ice sheets repeatedly formed and retreated over continental North America and northern Europe, which in turn caused fluctuations in global sea level by up to 120 m. This caused substantial changes to the Earth's surface, changing the distribution of land, continental ice sheets, and ocean. I demonstrate a technique we use to reconstruct ice sheets and paleotopography, and its application for the past 800000 years. I show that with the use...

The reconstruction of past Antarctic sea ice coverage through the application of diatom assemblages is often hampered in near coastal environments due to silica dissolution effects. The more recently established approach of using highly branched isoprenoid biomarkers to identify past sea ice conditions seems a valid method to overcome this limitation and that may also provide insight into ice-shelf dynamics. Here, we evaluate the so-called PIPSO25 index applied to modern surface sediments from the Amundsen...

Recent advances in analytical tools including more sensitive detection techniques have led to the discovery of microbial biosignatures in ultra-low biomass samples such as the oceanic lithosphere. Here, energy fluxes are low and microbial life has adapted to the slow cycling of sparsely available food and nutrient sources along cracks and fissures and the access to Earths chemical energy through water-rock interactions. Nevertheless, our understanding of the habitability of Earths lithosphere and potential connections to...

Hydrocarbon seepage is widespread distributed at the southern Gulf of Mexico. During several research cruises in 2003, 2006, and 2015 (SO174, M67/, and M114) we used multidisciplinary approaches, including multi-beam mapping and visual seafloor observations with different underwater vehicles to study the extent and character of complex hydrocarbon seepage in the Bay of Campeche, southern Gulf of Mexico. Our observations showed that seafloor asphalt deposits occur at numerous knolls and ridges in water depths from...

Supplementary Figures and Tables

Fluid-mediated mass transfer in subduction zones is crucial for chemical cycling on Earth. Particularly little is, however, known about such processes at shallow subduction levels. We used thermodynamic models to reproduce the metamorphic history of ocean island basalt (OIB) clasts recovered from the Mariana forearc during IODP Expedition 366. The OIBs were subducted to ~30 km depth, metamorphosed/metasomatized, and subsequently recycled to the seafloor via mud volcanism (Fryer et al., 2020). The rocks exhibit K2O...