Psammophilous grassland communities of inland dunes often occurring together with common juniper scrub are among the most threatened habitat types in Central Europe. Once they were related to disturbance caused by traditional agriculture and forest management (sheep grazing, burning, litter raking and overexploitation of forests). Currently, after the above-mentioned drivers have disappeared, those communities are subjected to secondary succession leading to loss of their typical biodiversity, an importantcomponent of which are cryptogams (bryophytes and lichens)....

The aim of this paper is to investigate the attractiveness of city break trips as a form of urban (cognitive) tourism. The study focuses on the following research questions: What factors influence the popularity of city break trips? Which cities are most often chosen as destinations for short-term holidays? What factors determine the choice of these cities? Which city attractions appeal to city break visitors? How are city breaks organized? These research questions were investigated...

The article presents the results of research on changes in the level of regional development in Albania and in all voivodships in Poland in the years 2010-2017. The applied annual data come from national statistical offices and include two social and six economic criteria. The study used one of the methods of multi-criteria decision analysis - TOPSIS with vector and linear parameters’ normalization. The results obtained (for both methods of normalization) indicate that in the...

Additional file 1.

Research on the tourist activity of seniors is a response to social changes that are taking place in European countries, including Poland. Aging is making seniors tourism an important and crumbling sector of the tourism market. The aim of the research presented in the article was to analyze the tourist activity of the elderly. The research also adopted research problems, which boiled down to determining: the frequency of trips of seniors in Poland, the main...

Additional file 1.

Celem artykułu jest analiza założeń programowych dotyczących polityki zagranicznej, które zostały sformułowane przez partie ruchu ludowego po roku 1989. Obszarem zainteresowania były kwestie stosunku do integracji europejskiej, koncepcji współpracy regionalnej, relacji Polski z sąsiadami, polskiej obecności w NATO oraz przyszłej wizji Unii Europejskiej. Analiza obejmuje programy przedwyborcze z lat 1991, 1993, 1997, 2001, jak również dokumenty programowe ogłoszone w 1989 r. przez dwa ugrupowania ruchu ludowego, które w tym okresie rozpoczęły swoją działalność. Badanie odnosi...